长期施肥对风沙土化学性状及酶活性的影响OA

To improve the fertility of aeolian sandy soil and optimize the fertilization methods,a 10-year field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different fertilization methods on the soil chemical properties,enzyme activities and peanut yield in aeolian sandy soil.The aim was to obtain suitable fertilization techniques for aeolian sandy soil and provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization in the semi-arid sandy areas of northwest Liaoning province.The experiment adopted a randomized block design with four fertilization treatments:no fertilization(CK),application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizers(NPK),single application of organic fertilizer(M),and combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizer(MNPK).Soil samples were collected at the peanut harvest stage to determine soil chemical properties and enzyme activities.The research results showed that compared with the initial soil,the pH of aeolian sandy soil treated with long-term application of chemical fertilizers and the treatment of chemical fertilizers combined with organic fertilizers decreased by 0.56 and 0.13,respectively.Compared with the NPK treatment,the contents of nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and organic matter in the plough layer soil of the MNPK treatment were significantly increased,with the increases being 121.39％,168.08％,76.96％,43.14％,102.35％and 40.89％,respectively.Long-term application of organic fertilizer significantly enhanced the extracellular enzyme activity in the soil.Compared with the NPK treatment,the activities of β-glucosidase,N-acetylglucosidase,leucine aminopeptidase,acid phosphatase,soil polyphenol oxidase,and peroxidase in the plough layer soil of the MNPK treatment were increased by 60.41％,43.11％,35.04％,71.72％,38.51％,and 43.79％,respectively.Long-term fertilization significantly increased peanut yield,the highest peanut yield of the MNPK treatment was 4398 kg/hm2.The peanut yields of the NPK,M,and MNPK treatments were increased by 69.08％,71.56％,and 99.49％,respectively,compared with the CK treatment.Correlation analysis revealed that soil extracellular enzyme activities were positively correlated with various soil properties except for ammonium nitrogen and pH,and peanut yield was positively correlated with soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus and available potassium.In conclusion,chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could not only effectively improve the nutrient status and soil enzyme activity of aeolian sandy soil,but also improve the yield of peanut,which was a suitable fertilization technology for aeolian sandy soil.