供应链武器化及其地缘政治影响OACHSSCD

With deepening globalization,the acceleration of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,and intensifying great-power competition,the weaponization of supply chains has emerged as a new phenomenon in interstate rivalry,exerting profound impacts on contemporary geopolitics.Drawing on theories from international political economy,particularly structural power and the weaponization of interdependence,this article conceptualizes the weaponization of supply chains,analyzes its key manifestations,and identifies node advantage,substitution costs,and tolerance levels as the principal factors shaping its effectiveness.The semiconductor industry constitutes a critical battleground in the ongoing economic and technological competition between China and the United States.Within the semiconductor supply chain,U.S.chip export controls on China and China's tit-for-tat countermeasures involving rare earths provide a paradigmatic case that illustrates how supply-chain weaponization operates and how effective it can be.The weaponization of supply chains generates wide-ranging and far-reaching geopolitical effects:it intensifies state competition over"chokepoint"nodes,heightens the risk of supply-chain bloc formation,accelerates"de-risking"strategies and the pursuit of strategic autonomy,and propels deep adjustments to global supply-chain governance rules.