空气弹簧对中低速磁浮车辆动力学响应的影响研究OA
Study on Influence of Air Spring on Dynamic Response of Medium-Low Speed Maglev Vehicles
[目的]空气弹簧悬挂系统对磁浮车辆的平稳运行至关重要,对考虑空气弹簧悬挂系统细致建模的中低速磁浮车辆展开动力学响应研究.[方法]首先,利用 AMESim 平台建立考虑空气弹簧悬挂系统各部件力学特性的非线性模型;其次,通过对比空气弹簧静、动刚度的仿真与试验数据,验证了空气弹簧非线性模型的正确性;最后,建立考虑悬浮控制、空气弹簧非线性、轨道不平顺等因素的构架式中低速磁浮车辆多体动力学模型,分析不同空气弹簧建模形式、支撑模式以及结构参数对磁浮车辆系统动力学的影响.[结果]仿真结果显示,车辆通过半径 550 m曲线时,空气弹簧非线性模型的车体垂向平稳性指标为 1.80,比线性模型的 2.14 低 15.9％,因此,磁浮车辆动力学建模时应当将空气弹簧非线性特性考虑在内.通过对比空气弹簧四点和六点支撑模式下车辆在准静态曲线、半径550 m 曲线和直线上的动态响应,发现空气弹簧支撑模式对磁浮车辆动力学性能影响不大,实际工程中可根据经济性和便捷性进行选择.空气弹簧结构参数对车辆运行平稳性影响较大,总体而言,橡胶气囊体积不宜大于 15 L,附加气室体积不宜大于25 L,节流孔直径宜取8～16 mm.[结论]研究成果可为磁浮车辆空气弹簧悬挂系统的设计提供参考.
[Objective]The air spring suspension system is crucial for the smooth operation of maglev vehicles.This study investigates the dynamic response of medium-low speed maglev vehicles considering detailed modeling of the air spring suspension system.[Methods]First,a nonlinear model considering the mechanical characteristics of each component of the air spring suspension system was established using the AMESim platform.Second,the validity of the nonlinear air spring model was verified by comparing simulation and experimental data of the static and dynamic stiffness of the air spring.Finally,a frame-type multibody dynamics model of medium-low speed maglev vehicles was established,considering factors such as suspension control,air spring nonlinearity,and track irregularity.The effects of different air spring modeling methods,support modes,and structural parameters on the dynamics of maglev vehicle systems were analyzed.[Results]The simulation results showed that when the vehicle passed through a curve with a radius of 550 m,the vertical ride stability indicator of the nonlinear air spring model was 1.80,which was 15.9％lower than that of the linear model(2.14).Therefore,the nonlinear characteristics of the air spring should be considered in the dynamic modeling of maglev vehicles.By comparing the dynamic responses of vehicles under four-point and six-point air spring support modes on quasi-static curves,curves with a radius of 550 m,and straight lines,it was found that the air spring support mode had little effect on the dynamic performance of maglev vehicles.In practical engineering,the choice could be made based on economic efficiency and convenience.The structural parameters of air springs had a significant impact on vehicle running smoothness.Overall,the volume of the rubber airbag should not exceed 15 L,the volume of the additional air chamber should not exceed 25 L,and the diameter of the throttle hole should be within the range of 8～16 mm.[Conclusion]The research findings can provide a reference for the design of air spring suspension systems for maglev vehicles.
颜佳海;张敏;曹毅;马卫华;胡俊雄;王爱彬;邓斌
西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都 610031西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都 610031西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都 610031西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都 610031同济大学磁浮交通工程技术研究中心,上海 201804西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,成都 610031||中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春 130062西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都 610031
交通工程
中低速磁浮车辆空气弹簧非线性特性支撑模式动力学响应
medium-low speed maglev vehiclesair springnonlinear characteristicssupport modedynamic response
《铁道标准设计》 2026 (9)
43-51,58,10
国家自然科学基金项目(52402480)国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20231937)高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室开放基金(SKLM-SFCF-2023-011)
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