益肾调经丸通过调节类固醇激素生成酶对多囊卵巢综合征大鼠的影响OA

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Yishen Tiaojing Pill(益肾调经丸,YSTJP)in improving polycystic ovary syn-drome(PCOS)in rats by regulating the expression of steroidogenic enzymes.Methods 84 female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to 7 groups at random:normal group,model group,spontaneous recovery group,ethinylestradiol cyproterone acetate tablets group,and low,medium,and high-doses of YSTJP groups.The induction of PCOS was achieved through a 30-day combined treatment of letrozole and a high-fat diet.After successful modeling,treatments were administered for 28 consecutive days.Body weight,estrous cycles,and ovarian mass were dynamically monitored.Ovarian histopathological changes were observed via HE staining.Serum levels of testoster-one(T),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH),sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and fasting insulin(FINS)were measured by ELISA,and the LH/FSH ratio was calculated.Meanwhile,CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 protein expressions were visualized using immunohistochemistry(IHC).The mRNA expressions of steroidogenesis-related genes(CYP17A1,CYP19A1,HSD-3β,and StAR)were determined by RT-qPCR.Results Compared with the normal group,rats in the model group exhibited increased body weight and ovarian index(P＜0.01),disordered estrous cycles,and elevated serum levels of T,LH,LH/FSH ratio,IL-1β,IL-6,FINS,and AMH,while FSH and SHBG levels were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Ovarian tissues showed typical polycystic changes.Furthermore,the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP17A1,HSD-3β,and StAR were up-regulated,while those of CYP19A1 were down-regulated(P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed between the self-healing and model groups.Compared with the model group,all treatment groups showed reduced body weight,restored estrous cycles,alleviated ovarian pathological damage,and a decreased ovarian index(P＜0.01).Serum T,LH,LH/FSH ratio,IL-1β,IL-6,and AMH levels,as well as ovarian mRNA expressions of CYP17A1,HSD-3β,and StAR,were significantly decreased;conversely,FSH,SHBG,and CYP19A1 mRNA levels were up-regulated(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Notably,the medium-and high-dose YSTJP groups demonstrated superior efficacy in improving FINS,SHBG,CYP17A1,and CYP19A1 levels(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion YSTJP effectively improves ovulatory dysfunction and ovarian pathological changes in PCOS rats.The underlying mechanism is associated with the modulation of steroidogenic enzymes to restore sex hormone balance,improvement of insulin resistance,and inhibition of inflammatory responses.