外泌体在骨关节炎诊断和治疗中的现状、机遇与挑战OA

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a highly prevalent degenerative joint disease that substantially impairs patients'quality of life.As key mediators of intercellular communication,exosomes have emerged as promising candidates for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of OA owing to their unique biological characteristics.This review summarizes the structural architecture and molecular composition of exosomes,appraises their poten-tial as diagnostic biomarkers for OA,and discusses their translational therapeutic value.We also delineate the cur-rent challenges encountered in clinical translation and outline future research directions,with the aim of providing a robust reference for advancing further investigation and clinical translation of exosome-based strategies in the OA research field.