香紫苏醇多维度药理活性及分子机制研究进展OA

Sclareol(SCL)is a natural labdane-type diterpene diol isolated from plants including Salvia sclarea L.,with well-documented applications in the fragrance industry,as well as pharmaceutical and medical sectors.Accumulating preclinical evidence indicates that sclareol exerts multi-target,multi-pathway pharmacological activities,encompassing antitumor,antidiabetic,neuroprotective,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and anti-infective properties.To date,however,a comprehensive review integrating these bioactivities and their underlying mecha-nisms remains absent in the literature.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in sclareol research,with a specific focus on its multidimensional bioactivities and the corresponding molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.Our analysis confirms that sclareol exerts therapeutic efficacy across diverse disease models by regulating multiple core signaling cascades,including nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),and protein kinase B(AKT).These bioactivities involve modulation of energy metabolism,suppression of pro-inflammatory signaling networks,reversal of chemotherapeutic drug resistance,and regulation of calcium channel function.Collectively,existing preclinical data establish a solid foundation for further mechanistic investi-gation and pharmaceutical development of sclareol.Nevertheless,the clinical translation of sclareol remains hin-dered by limited pharmacokinetic characterization,overreliance on narrow-spectrum animal models,and insuffi-cient systematic evaluation of sclareol delivery systems.