1985-2024年山东植棉区域变迁及主要病虫害演变分析OA

[Objective]Over the past four decades,the area of cotton planting in Shandong Province has fluctuated sharply,and significant changes have occurred in the planting regions and the structure of pests and diseases.It is necessary to clarify the characteristics of their changes and evolution in order to provide a basis for the scientific prevention and control of pests and diseases.[Methods]Based on the relevant data of National Bureau of Statistics and National Plant Protection Statistics released by National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,the changing trends of cotton planting area,occurrence and control of diseases and pests,and yield loss in the cotton planting region of Shandong Province were analyzed.[Results]From 1985 to 2024,the cotton planting area in Shandong Province followed a declining trajectory with pronounced fluctuations,with a trend of"rise-fall-rise-sustained-decline".And the cotton-growing areas was concentrated in the saline-alkali and infertile lands and areas lacking fresh water resources in western and northern Shandong.The total pest-disease control was larger than the occurrence area,and the control area,occurrence area,the losses averted,and the actual losses caused by pests were all higher than diseases.Ranked by the annual average occurrence area,the main pests and diseases were:Helicoverpa armigera,Aphis gossypii,seedling disease,cotton spider mites,Bemisia tabaci,cotton mirid bugs,boll disease,cotton thrips,and Fusarium wilt.The proportion of the occurrence area of cotton mirid bugs,cotton thrips,Bemisia tabaci,cotton spider mites,and boll disease showed an increasing trend,while those of A.gossypii,H.armigera,seedling disease,and Fusarium wilt decreased.The actual cotton yield loss caused by cotton mirid bugs,B.tabaci,cotton thrips,and cotton spider mites were increasing.[Conclusion]It has been clarified that the main cotton planting areas in Shandong are migrating to the saline-alkali and infertile regions in the west and north of the province.H.armigera,A.gossypii,and cotton seedling diseases were the main pests and diseases threatening cotton production.The above results provide basic data support for the prediction,early-warning and scientific prevention and control of cotton pests and diseases in this region.