江西官山国家级自然保护区大型真菌多样性及资源评价OA
Diversity and resource evaluation of macrofungi in Guanshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,East China
江西官山国家级自然保护区作为九岭山脉重要组成部分,大型真菌本底数据长期匮乏.本研究于 2022-2023 年对江西官山国家级自然保护区大型真菌资源进行了系统的野外调查与标本采集,共获得标本 810 份.通过形态学观察与分子生物学鉴定相结合的方法,共鉴定出大型真菌251种,隶属于2门6纲19目76科143属.其中,担子菌门222种(占88.45%),子囊菌门29种(占11.55%);发现中国新记录种 12 种.物种组成分析显示,优势科为多孔菌科 Polyporaceae、红菇科Russulaceae、蘑菇科 Agaricaceae、牛肝菌科 Boletaceae、类脐菇科 Omphalotaceae 和小皮伞科Marasmiaceae,其物种数占总种数的40.24%;优势属包括红菇属Russula、小皮伞属Marasmius、拟金钱菌属Collybiopsis、灵芝属Ganoderma、栓菌属Trametes和线虫草属Ophiocordyceps,占总种数的20.32%.资源评价结果表明,保护区内大型真菌资源丰富,涵盖食用菌52种、药用菌58种、菌根菌 43 种、有毒菌 34 种及木腐菌 135 种.区系地理成分分析显示,该区域以世界广布属为主(占71.33%),同时北温带成分(13.99%)和泛热带成分(9.79%)并存,体现出明显的中亚热带过渡区系特征.受威胁等级评估结果显示,近危物种 2 种、中国特有种 10 种,另有 25.77%的物种表现为数据不足.本研究首次系统揭示了江西官山国家级自然保护区大型真菌的物种多样性与资源本底,为该区域大型真菌资源的保护与可持续利用提供了重要的科学依据.
The macrofungal biodiversity in Guanshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,a vital component of the Jiuling Mountains,remains insufficiently understood.A comprehensive inventory of macrofungal resources in the reserve based on systematic field surveys conducted from 2022 to 2023 was carried out.In total,810 specimens were collected during the field surveys.Based on morphological examination in combination with molecular phylogenetic analysis,251 macrofungal species were identified.These taxa are distributed in 2 phyla,6 classes,19 orders,76 families and 143 genera,comprising 222 basidiomycetes(88.45%)and 29 ascomycetes(11.55%).Notably,12 species represent new records for China.The dominant families are Polyporaceae,Russulaceae,Agaricaceae,Boletaceae,Omphalotaceae and Marasmiaceae,with the sum of species accounting for 40.24%of the total number of macrofungal species;the dominant genera include Russula,Marasmius,Collybiopsis,Ganoderma,Trametes and Ophiocordyceps,with the sum of species accounting for 20.32%of the total number of macrofungal species.The economic value evaluation showed that there were 52 edible species,58 medicinal species,43 mycorrhizal species,34 poisonous species and 135 wood-decaying species.Analysis of floristic geographical elements at the generic level indicated a predominance of cosmopolitan taxa,which accounted for 71.33%of the total number of macrofungal genera.The coexistence of north temperate elements(13.99%)and tropical elements(9.79%)reflected the transitional characteristics of the mid-subtropical transitional flora.Regarding the assessment of threat status,two species were categorized as near threatened(NT),while data deficient(DD)species accounted for 25.77%of the total.Ten species were identified as endemic to China.This study provides the primary systematic documentation of the species diversity,floral composition,and resource status of macrofungi in the Guanshan National Nature Reserve,establishing a critical scientific foundation for the conservation and sustainable utilization of the regional fungal resource.
何宇豪;金涵;易伶俐;杨越婷;陈名君;李增智;李冬;栾丰刚
江西农业大学林学院 保护生物学江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330045江西农业大学林学院 保护生物学江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330045江西官山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西 宜丰 333600江西农业大学林学院 保护生物学江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330045安徽农业大学 重大林业有害生物绿色防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230036安徽农业大学 重大林业有害生物绿色防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230036江西农业大学林学院 保护生物学江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330045江西农业大学林学院 保护生物学江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330045
大型真菌物种多样性区系组成资源评价濒危等级
macrofungispecies diversityfloral compositionresource evaluationendangered level
《菌物学报》 2026 (9)
55-68,14
国家自然科学基金(32560404) This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32560404).
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