机会公平视角下扩大中等收入群体的路径研究OACHSSCD

Ensuring that low-and middle-income individuals share in fair development opportunities is critical for expanding the middle-income group.This article collects the China General Social Survey(CGSS)data from 2008 to 2021.Based on defining different income groups and pathways to"expand the middle-income group,"it employs parametric regression and machine learning methods to measure the opportunity inequality coefficients across different income statuses and the pathways to expand the middle-income group.Additionally,the contribution of environmental factors and educational channels is decomposed and analyzed.The study finds that,first,from 2008 to 2021,the vulnerable and potential middle-income groups that need to be targeted in the expansion of China's middle-income group accounted for 27.95%to 34.19%of the total population.Second,the measurement results of opportunity inequality based on binary outcome variables indicate that the opportunity inequality faced by different income groups is not consistent under different income states,with high-income groups having the largest opportunity inequality,followed by low-income groups,and middle-income groups having the smallest opportunity inequality.The"stabilizing the middle-income group"pathway faces the highest opportunity inequality,followed by the"lifting the low-income group"pathway,and the"entering the middle-income group"pathway has the lowest inequality.The results from parametric regression and machine learning methods are relatively consistent.The results from parametric regression and machine learning methods are relatively consistent.Third,factors such as place of residence,household registration at birth,parents'occupation,and parents'education significantly impede income mobility for low-and middle-income groups,primarily through indirect educational channels.