氦同位素低温分离技术研究进展OA

Helium-3(³He),as a rare isotope of helium,has wide applications in national defense,energy science,quantum science,and medicine,and is a very important strategic isotope resource.Currently,the only industrial source of ³He is the radioactive decay of tritium in nuclear reactors.In recent years,with the development of technologies like dilution refrigerators and neutron detectors,the global demand for ³He has been continuously growing,yet there is a significant gap in its supply.This shortage has driven efforts to explore various potential approaches for ³He acquisition.This paper summarizes the progress of various helium isotope separation technologies at home and abroad,including cryogenic superleak separation,thermal flush separation,cryogenic distillation,cryogenic adsorption,and other less commonly used separation methods,with detailed discussion and comparison of these techniques.Finally,the paper looks forward to and analyzes the full-process theoretical processes and technical flows for the enrichment and purification of potential available ³He resources.