甲醇的船用燃料转型:传统与绿色生产技术及应用潜力OA

Methanol serves as a fundamental chemical feedstock.Within the shipping industry's green transition,its emerging application as an alternative marine fuel has further expanded market boundaries and unlocked substantial potential for industrial upgrading.Methanol offers advantages including liquid storage at ambient temperatures,minimal vessel retrofitting requirements and low pollutant emissions.However,current production faces challenges such as high carbon emissions from conventional pathways,elevated costs associated with green pathways and insufficient scale,rendering it inadequate to meet the shipping sector's decarbonization demands.This paper systematically analysed the technical feasibility of four methanol production pathways in response to the shipping industry's decarbonization requirements,considering IMO and EU carbon reduction policies.The core content focused on examining the process flows,technological maturity,feedstock consumption and key challenges of coal-to-methanol,natural gas-to-methanol,biomass-to-methanol and electricity-to-methanol production routes,while comparing their full life-cycle carbon emission intensities.Among these,biomass-to-methanol and electricity-to-methanol demonstrated significant carbon emission advantages.Under full green electricity supply,biomass-to-methanol can achieve emissions as low as 17g CO2/MJ.Furthermore,when powered entirely by green electricity with carbon sourced from air capture,the lifecycle carbon intensity of green electricity-to-methanol can be reduced to 14g CO2/MJ.Analysis indicated that while biomass-based methanol holds substantial short-term scaling potential,it remained to be constrained by gasification technology.Green electricity-based methanol represented the ultimate pathway to carbon neutrality with future cost reductions anticipated through falling green electricity prices and electrolysis technology upgrades.Key future breakthroughs must address biomass gasification bottlenecks and optimize catalysts and processes for green electricity-based methanol production,thereby advancing methanol as a core decarbonization fuel for the shipping industry.