不同性别与体重水平三穗鸭的胸肌肉品质和脂肪酸含量OA
Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Content in Breast Muscle of Sansui Ducks with Different Gender and Body Weight Level
[目的]探明三穗鸭生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质与胸肌脂肪酸含量,为三穗鸭良种选育、脂类营养代谢调控及产业化开发提供理论支撑.[方法]依据三穗鸭体型外貌特征,从 655只试验鸭中选择 65只为试验材料,其中,公鸭、母鸭分别 21只、44只,高体重组(SG组)、低体重组(SD组)分别 35只、30只,考察其生长和屠宰性能,并用 GS-MS靶向代谢组技术检测胸肌脂肪酸含量,筛选高低体重组差异显著的脂肪酸.[结果]SG组宰前活重、屠体重、胸肌率和皮脂率等指标均极显著高于 SD组;三穗鸭胸肌 7种短链脂肪酸中,乙酸含量最高(38.09～40.12 μg/g),其次是丁酸、丙酸和己酸,四者累计约占短链脂肪酸总量的95%以上;三穗鸭胸肌中共检测到中长链脂肪酸 51种,其中,含量最高的 5种脂肪酸为油酸、棕榈酸、亚油酸、硬脂酸和花生四烯酸.通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)筛选出不同体重水平三穗鸭胸肌差异显著的脂肪酸 15种;与 SD组相比,SG组有 11种中长链脂肪酸增加,4种中长链脂肪酸减少.SG组三穗鸭胸肌饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸等高于 SD组,ω-3脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比值与 SD组差异不显著.[结论]三穗鸭肉质表现良好,高体重组三穗鸭的脂肪酸沉积能力高于低体重组,胸肌中脂肪酸可能对其生长发育具有积极作用.
[Objective]The growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and breast muscle fatty acid content of Sansui duck were investigated to provide a theoretical support for breeding,lipid nutritional metabolism regulation and industrial development of Sansui duck.[Method]65 Sansui ducks(21 males and 44 females)selected from 655 experimental ducks based on the physical and phenotypic characteristics were divided into SG group(high-body-weight group,n=35)and SD group(low-body-weight group,n=30).The growth and slaughter performance of two groups were investigated,and their breast muscle fatty acid content was determined by GS-MS targeted metabolomics technology to identify the fatty acids with significant differences between two groups.[Result]The pre-slaughter live weight,carcass weight,breast muscle ratio and subcutaneous fat ratio of SG group were significantly higher than those of SD group.Among 7 short-chain fatty acids in breast muscle of Sanshui duck,acetic acid had the highest content(38.09-40.12 μg/g),followed by butyric acid,propionic acid and caproic acid,and total content of four acids accounted for more than 95%of total short-chain fatty acids.A total of 51 medium and long-chain fatty acids were detected in breast muscle of Sansui duck.Among them,five most abundant fatty acids were oleic acid,palmitic acid,linoleic acid,stearic acid and arachidonic acid,respectively.15 fatty acids with significant differences in breast muscle of Sansui ducks with different body weight levels were screened out by an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).11 and 4 medium and long-chain fatty acids in SG group increased and decreased compared with SD group,respectively.The saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in breast muscles of SG group were higher than those in SD group.However,the ratio of ω-3 fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids,etc.showed no significant differences between two groups.[Conclusion]The meat quality of Sansui duck is excellent.The fatty acid deposition ability of Sansui duck in SG group is higher than that of Sansui duck in SD group.The fat acids in breast muscle may have a positive effect on growth and development of Sansui duck.
韩雪;伍革民;吴松成;韦秒粘
贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州 贵阳 550005贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州 贵阳 550005贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州 贵阳 550005贵州省畜牧兽医研究所,贵州 贵阳 550005
农业科技
鸭三穗鸭脂肪酸生长性能屠宰性能营养代谢
duckSansui duckfatty acidgrowth performanceslaughtering performancenutrition metabolism
《贵州农业科学》 2026 (9)
69-77,9
贵州省科技计划项目"三穗鸭肉用性能选育技术研究"(黔科合支撑[2022]一般096号)贵州省农业农村厅2022年家禽专班项目"三穗鸭新品系选育与应用"
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