42份芒果种质的果实性状及其多样性OA

[Objective]The variation and diversity in fruit traits of mango germplasm resources were investigated to provide the theoretical basis for breeding new mango varieties in Guizhou.[Method]The diversity in 17 fruit traits of 42 mango germplasm resources preserved in the mango resources nursery of Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops was analyzed.[Result]From the perspective of fruit qualitative traits,the maturity period of 42 mango germplasm resources was mainly in August(52.38%),the fruit flavor was mostly sweet(73.81%),the fruit shape was more oval(23.19%),the germplasm resources without fruit beak and shallow fruit pit accounted for a higher proportion.The mature peel was mainly yellow(33.33%),and the flesh was mostly golden yellow(57.14%)without milk yellow or orange red.The fruits of most mango germplasm resources had fruit powder(88.10%),smooth peel(73.81%),and peel and flesh adhesion(78.57%).The kernel shape was long oval or oval without trapezoid.The proportion of polyembryonic and single embryo type was 57.14%and 42.86%respectively.The diversity index of 12 qualitative traits ranged from 0.37 to 1.82.The traits with diversity index≥1.00 included fruit shape,beak type,peel color,flesh color and kernel shape.From the perspective of fruit quantitative traits,the single fruit weight of 42 mango germplasm resources was 157.82-997.25 g,and the proportion of germplasm resources with single fruit weight of[150,300)g was 38.10%(the highest).The edible rate and soluble solids content of mango fruits was 55.15%-79.92%and 11.40%-22.40%,respectively.The proportion of mango germplasm resources with[15%,18%)soluble solids content was 42.86%.The content of titratable acid was 0.06%-0.87%,and the proportion of germplasm resources with[0.2%,0.4%)titratable acid content was 47.62%.The VC content was 2.20-44.72 mg/100g,and the proportion of mango germplasm resources with[10,20)mg/100g VC content was 42.86%.The diversity index of five fruit quantitative traits was soluble solids content(1.42)＞titratable acid content(1.30)＞single fruit weight(1.29)＞VC content(1.21)＞edible rate(1.06).The variation coefficient with a relatively greater variation of titratable acid,VC content and single fruit weight was 65.52%,60.16%and 48.38%respectively.The principal component analysis showed that the accumulative contribution rate of fruit traits of 42 mango germplasm resources with a scattered contribution rate was 71.989%,and the variation in fruit traits was multi-directional.42 mango germplasm resources were divided into two groups according to clustering analysis,and the main differential trait was single fruit weight.[Conclusion]Some traits of 42 mango germplasm resources are of abundant genetic diversity.The fruit traits of beak type,peel texture,soluble solids content,maturity period,titratable acid content,VC content and single fruit weight should be selected as the priority traits in breeding new mango varieties.