流域生态补偿的双重红利效应研究OACHSSCD

Basin-level ecological compensation is a critical institutional arrangement for ensuring long-term ecological security and promoting green development in river basin regions.Using county-level panel data from provinces along the main streams of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River over the period 2007～2024,this study employs a multi-period difference-in-differences(DID)model to examine whether basin ecological compensation simultaneously promotes environmental improvement and economic growth in pilot areas.The results indicate that:1)Basin ecological compensation significantly improves both regional environmental quality and economic development overall.2)Basin ecological compensation enhances environmental quality and economic growth by increasing fiscal expenditure on environmental protection and promoting industrial structure upgrading.3)The"dual dividend"effects of basin ecological compensation exhibit pronounced regional heterogeneity.Green development zones and ecological potential zones achieve both environmental and economic dividends,pollution-dependent zones realize environmental dividends only,with economic dividends emerging only after deeper industrial transformation,and eco-lagging zones achieve economic dividends,while environmental dividends remain constrained until fiscal pressures are alleviated.Accordingly,further improvements in basin ecological compensation mechanisms should focus on refining ecological transfer payment systems,strengthening development-oriented compensation,and implementing diversified,place-based compensation models,so as to facilitate coordinated environmental protection and economic development in river basin regions.