半干旱风沙区密植浅埋滴灌施肥对玉米产量、品质及资源利用效率的影响OA

[Objective]Maize production in semi-arid sandy regions is constrained by limited water and nutrient availability,making it challenging to simultaneously achieve high yield and efficient resource use.To address this challenge,we investigated the combined effects of dense planting and shallow-buried drip fertigation on maize growth,grain yield and quality,and resource-use efficiency in these regions.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted in 2024 and 2025 in Horqin District,Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia.Two contrasting cultivation systems were compared:dense planting(90 000 plants/hm2)combined with shallow-buried drip fertigation(DP),and conventional planting(60 000 plants/hm2)combined with surface irrigation and one-time basal fertilizer application(TP).Maize growth,grain yield and quality,yield component,water-use efficiency(WUE),and partial factor productivity of fertilizer(PFP)were measured and evaluated under each cultivation system.[Result]Dense planting combined with shallow drip fertigation significantly altered plant architecture and increased leaf area index and stomatal conductance.Compared with TP,DP reduced irrigation and fertilizer inputs by 33.3%and 32.8%,respectively,while increasing grain yield by 104.0%and 86.8%in 2024 and 2025,respectively,WUE by 115.3%-140.4%,and PFP by 177.4%-202.4%.However,DP reduced grain protein content and test weight by 4.0%-4.3%and 7.1%-12.2%,respectively,and increased starch content by 3.8%-9.0%compared with TP.These results indicate a trade-off in grain quality,characterized by high starch content and low protein content and test weight in DP.[Conclusion]Dense planting combined with shallow subsurface drip fertigation substantially improved maize yield and resource-use efficiency in semi-arid sandy regions,but may compromise grain quality by reducing protein content and test weight while increasing starch content.