解析水稻抗病毒"战略缓冲剂":水稻OsAGO18的研究进展OA

[Background]Rice(Oryza sativa L.),a staple food crop globally,plays a strategically vital role in ensuring food securi-ty through stable and high yields.However,rice viral diseases transmitted by vector insects such as planthoppers and leafhoppers frequently emerge or re-emerge,causing substantial yield losses worldwide,or even complete crop failure as a result of severe out-breaks.Given the general lack of antiviral germplasm resources in current cultivars and the environmental and ecological challenges posed by conventional chemical control,including pesticide residues and insecticide resistance,understanding the intrinsic antiviral immune mechanisms of rice and identifying key resistance genes have become focal points in breeding research.[Progress]RNA silencing is the core immune mechanism by which plants resist viral infection,with ARGONAUTE(AGO)proteins playing the primary effectors that mediate small RNA-guided target recognition and degradation.The rice AGO family exhibits high functional diversification,among which AGO18 is unique to monocots and displays broad-spectrum antiviral activity through a mechanism inde-pendent of direct viral RNA cleavage.[Prospect]Rice varieties in China are highly susceptible to multiple viruses,yet antiviral germplasm resources remain limited.The OsAGO18 protein,owning to its unique immune mechanism,represents a promising breed-ing target for the development of broad-spectrum virus-resistant rice.Future research will focus on 3 dimensions,namely in-depth analysis of the structure and interaction mechanism of OsAGO18,functional validation and evolutionary balance assessment under complex field conditions,and precise creation and expansion of germplasm resources of gramineous crops,providing scientific sup-port for food security and green pest management in crops.