面向智慧农业的空地异构协同技术研究进展OA

Smart agriculture must balance wide-area monitoring with precise field operations,as well as quick response with continuous execution.This paper reviewed air-ground heterogeneous collaborative systems integrating unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)and unmanned ground vehicles(UGVs).Based on a cloud-edge-terminal architecture and a Sense-Plan-Act-Report/Reflect closed loop,it highlighted key technologies including collaborative perception,task allocation,path planning,motion control,communication networking,and safety mechanisms.Research shows UAVs provide wide-area sensing and task guidance while UGVs support close-range verification,precise operation,and heavy-load execution.Their functional complementarity improves coverage,operation accuracy,and task continuity in agricultural production.However,large-scale deployment still faces such challenges as insufficient model adaptability,unstable performance in complex environments,and the absence of unified interface standards and data protocols.Future research should focus on cognitive collaboration mechanisms,robust communication-sensing-control integration,and standardized interoperability frameworks.These advances may support the development of reliable air-ground collaborative infrastructure for smart agriculture.