低空基础设施选址布局研究进展与展望OA

As a fast growing industry,the low-altitude economy is highly dependent on an efficient infrastructure network.This paper reviewed the research in the siting planning of low-altitude infrastructure between 2015 and 2025.It put forward a multi-tiered'physical-information'infrastructure system encompassing take-off and landing facilities,communication,navigation,surveillance,and meteorological support.First,the networking and hierarchical requirements of this system were analyzed.Then,site selection factors and optimization objectives were examined considering safety,cost-effectiveness,environmental,and uncertainties.Core methodologies encompassing multi-criteria decision-making,mathematical programming,heuristic algorithms,simulation,and machine learning were synthesized.Significant challenges such as the rigid constraints of land and airspace resources,the uncertainty of demand and environmental factors,and the deep integration of air-ground transport systems,still exist.To address these challenges,it is recommended to build an integrated air-ground dynamic planning system covering the entire lifecycle.Research on data-driven resilient decision-making should be strengthened and coordination among physical,informational and managerial dimensions should be further enhanced so as to promote the sustainable development of the low-altitude economy.