应用于水系锌离子电池的纳米纤维素基隔膜设计策略与研究进展OA

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are highly promising candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to their intrinsic safety and cost-effectiveness.However,their practical application is severely hindered by dendrite growth and parasitic side reactions at the anode-electrolyte interface.As a critical component that separates electrodes and regulates ion transport,the separator requires careful structural engineering and interfacial optimization.Nanocellulose has emerged as an ideal building block for high-performance separators owing to its high specific surface area,abundant active sites,and tailorable network topology.To address a common challenge in current research,where diverse separator design strategies exhibit morphological convergence toward integrated hydrogel structures,frequently leading to ambiguous classification,this review moves beyond superficial structural similarities and establishes a rigid,mechanism-driven classification framework.Specifically,we systematically elucidate three core design dimensions based on their underlying regulatory mechanisms:(i)surface chemical modification,which relies on molecular or supramolecular chemical interactions;(ii)pore structure regulation,which provides spatial confinement and geometric stabilization;and(iii)electrolyte-polymer synergistic design,which disrupts phase boundaries to reduce free water activity.The distinct scientific mechanisms through which each strategy homogenizes Zn2+flux,optimizes desolvation kinetics,and suppresses side reactions are comprehensively analyzed.Finally,future perspectives and engineering challenges,including scalable manufacturing,adaptability under harsh operating conditions,and life cycle assessment,are discussed to provide comprehensive guidelines for the rational design of stable,long-life AZIBs.