石墨和电解液界面研究进展:现状,挑战,未来OA

Owing to its low cost,high theoretical capacity,and low lithium intercalation potential,graphite has enabled the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in various energy fields.However,limitations associated with interfacial lithium-ion transport and interfacial stability under conditions such as fast charging,prolonged cycling,and extreme temperatures currently limit the broad application of graphite anode materials.Against this background,this review analyzes the current challenges associated with the development of graphite anode materials and systematically summarizes the influence of graphite and electrolyte regulation on the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI).This review focuses on effective strategies for enhancing the fast-charging,long-cycle,and high-/low-temperature performance of graphite from two main approaches:regulating the surface and interface of graphite anodes(i.e.,surface coating,pore structure engineering,and elemental doping)and optimizing electrolyte composition(i.e.,lithium salts and solvents,additives).Through effective regulation of graphite surface structures and electrolyte composition,together with optimization of subsequent formation processes,protective interfacial layers can be constructed,lithium-ion transport across the interface can be enhanced,and the formation of stable SEI layers can be promoted,thereby boosting electrochemical performance.Looking forward,continued advancements in characterization techniques(i.e.,multiscale and multimodal in situ characterization technologies),material structure innovation(e.g.,highly graphitized structures,reduced volume expansion,enhanced ionic diffusivity,and silicon/hard carbon incorporation),interface engineering optimization(i.e.,surface coatings,artificial SEI construction,and solid-state interface adaptation),and improved manufacturing processes(e.g.,continuous,low-cost,green and low-carbon production)will further enhance the performance of graphite anode materials.These developments will enable graphite-based anodes to meet the stringent requirements of next-generation lithium-ion batteries in terms of energy density,fast-charging capability,and long cycle life.