眉山柑橘林下间种大球盖菇适配性及高效栽培技术模式OA

To address the issues of low land utilization rate,weak ecological benefits,high market risks,and prominent continuous cropping obstacles in the monoculture of late-maturing citrus in Meishan,relying on the local subtropical climate and purple soil resource endowment,this study investigates the compatibility of understory intercropping Stropharia rugosoannulata in citrus groves and develops an efficient techni-cal model.Through field positioning experiments such as variety screening,spatial configuration,and optimization of cultivation medium for-mulas,the coupling relationship between the forest understory microenvironment and Stropharia rugosoannulata growth was systematically ana-lyzed,key technical parameters were optimized,and the ecological and economic benefits of the intercropping model were comprehensively e-valuated.The results show that the shading rate under citrus groves in Meishan ranges from 65%to 70%,air relative humidity from 80%to 90%,and following soil amendment,purple soil organic matter content reaches 2.5%-3.0%and pH 6.5-7.0,all highly compatible with the growth requirements of Stropharia rugosoannulata.Using the selected cultivar Zhongke No.1 Red Matsutake mushrooms,with a 2-meter plant-ing belt width,spacing of 1.0-1.5 meters between substrate beds and tree trunkd,and a substrate formula of 40%corn cobs+20%rice husks+40%rice straw+2%lime(dry material ratio),the yield of Zhongke No.1 Red Matsutake mushrooms reached 28 125 kg/hm2.Net income of the integrated system increased by over 157 500 yuan per hectare compared with citrus monoculture,while citrus fruit value in-creased by over 18 000 yuan per hectare.Concurrently,orchard soil organic matter increased by 18.6%,chemical fertilizer use decreased by 18.7%,pesticide use decreased by 16.3%,red spider mite population density declined by 22.5%,soil enzyme activity and microbial diversi-ty significantly improved,and orchard ecosystem stability was enhanced.The standardized,replicable technical model of"citrus+Stropharia rugosoannulata"understory intercropping established in this study supports quality-and efficiency-oriented upgrading of the late-maturing cit-rus industry and green development of the forest economy.It holds significant demonstration value for fruit-fungus agroforestry systems and ru-ral revitalization in the hilly regions of Southwest China.