基于5年定位观测的夏大豆郑196稳定性与产量构成解析OA

To clarify the influence of interannual variations of meteorological factors on the agronomic traits and yield of soybean cultivar Zheng 196,a systematic analysis was conducted on the dynamic change characteristics of meteorological conditions,growth process,agronomic traits,and yield indicators throughout the entire growth period from 2021 to 2025,and correlation and stability analyses were carried out.The results showed that the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall was uneven within five years,and high temperatures in July and August and low temperatures in the later period occurred frequently.The growth period of Zheng 196 was 107 to 125 d.The main reason for the increase in the growth period was the prolongation of the reproductive growth stage.The number of main stem nodes(1.64%)was the most stable agro-nomic trait,and the variations in the number of effective pods per plant(22.06%)and the number of grains per plant(22.75%)were the greatest.The annual differences in yield and constituent factors were extremely significant(P<0.01).The yield was the highest in 2023(3 002.58 kg/hm2).The changes in the number of effective pods per plant,the number of grains per plant and the yield were highly consist-ent,and both were strongly positively correlated with the grain weight per plant and the yield.Output was positively correlated with total rain-fall(r=0.740),negatively correlated with sunshine duration(r=-0.730),and weakly negatively correlated with monthly average tempera-ture(r=-0.350).To sum up,Zheng 196 is a variety with outstanding high-yield potential but its stable yield is severely restricted by the cli-matic conditions during the flowering and podding periods and the filling period.This study provides a theoretical basis for the adapted planting and high-yield cultivation regulation of Zheng 196 in the southern Henan region.