长期不同施肥制度对春玉米复垦农田温室气体排放和碳足迹的影响OA
Effects of long-term fertilization regimes on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of spring maize production in reclaimed cropland
[目的]研究复垦农田玉米产量及碳足迹对不同施肥制度的响应,系统评估不同施肥制度在复垦农田春玉米生产系统中的增产减排效应,为复垦区农业可持续发展提供科学依据和技术支撑.[方法]玉米田间定位试验始于 2012 年,在山西省古交市复垦区进行,设置不施肥(CK)、施化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)和有机无机肥配施(MNPK)4 个处理.2021 年玉米收获后,测定玉米产量和耕层土壤基础理化性质,分析不同施肥处理下玉米生产过程中的温室气体排放特征,结合生命周期评价(LCA)方法估算玉米生产过程碳足迹,并利用全球增温潜势(GWP)和温室排放强度(GHGI)综合评价不同施肥制度的固碳减排效应.[结果]与 CK 相比,长期施肥处理显著提高玉米产量,增幅达 161.8％～258.1％,其中有机肥处理的增产效果最佳.氮肥生产和施用是温室气体排放的主要贡献来源.不同施肥处理单位产量碳足迹(CFy)的范围是-1.40～1.06 kg CO2-eq/kg.同NPK 处理相比,M 和 MNPK 处理的 CFy 显著降低,考虑土壤有机碳(SOC)固存效应后,M 和 MNPK 处理的CFy 均由正转负,由"碳源"转变为"碳汇";同时,MNPK 处理在维持高产的前提下,表现为净固碳效应,显著降低 GWP 和 GHGI.[结论]有机无机肥配施可在显著增产的同时降低温室气体排放与碳足迹,实现增产与减排协同效应,可为复垦区施肥管理优化提供参考.
[Objectives]The responses of maize yield and carbon footprint to different fertilization regimes were studied in reclaimed cropland,and the yield-increasing and emission-reducing effects of different fertilization methods were systematically evaluated,thereby providing a scientific basis and technical support for sustainable agricultural development in reclamation areas.[Methods]A long-term field experiment was initiated in 2012 in a reclaimed cropland in Gujiao,Shanxi Province,China.Four fertilization treatments were established:no fertilization(CK),mineral fertilization(NPK),organic manure alone(M),and combined application of organic manure and mineral fertilizers(MNPK).In 2021,maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions were determined after harvest.A life cycle assessment(LCA)approach was used to quantify the carbon footprint of maize production under different fertilization treatments.Global warming potential(GWP)and greenhouse gas emission intensity(GHGI)were used to comprehensively evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of different fertilization regimes.[Results]Compared with CK,long-term fertilization significantly increased maize yield by 161.8％-258.1％,with the M treatment showing the greatest yield increase.The production and application of nitrogen fertilizers were the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.The yield-scaled carbon footprint(CFy)ranged from-1.40 to 1.06 kg CO2-eq/kg across the fertilization treatments.Compared with NPK,both M and MNPK significantly reduced CFy.When accounting for soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration effect,CFy under both M and MNPK treatments changed from positive to negative,indicating a shift from'carbon sources'to'carbon sinks'.Notably,the MNPK treatment achieved net carbon sequestration while maintaining high maize yield and significantly reduced both GWP and GHGI.[Conclusions]The combined application of organic manure with mineral fertilizers(MNPK)can simultaneously increase maize yield and reduce greenhouse gas emissions,thereby lowering the yield-scaled carbon footprint and promoting synergistic yield enhancement and emission reduction in reclaimed cropland.
谢钧宇;徐明岗;吴仪涵;张东杰;伍展翔;张方方;段成娇;李廷亮;孟会生;张杰
山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801周口市农业科学院,河南 周口 466001山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801洛阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南 洛阳 471934山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷 030801
长期施肥复垦土壤玉米产量碳足迹有机无机肥配施
long-term fertilizationreclaimed soilmaize yieldcarbon footprintcombined organic manure with mineral fertilization
《植物营养与肥料学报》 2026 (8)
1663-1674,12
国家自然科学基金(41807102)山西农业大学"杰青优青培育工程"项目(2022YOPYGC05)山西省回国科教创新资助项目(2025-121)山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001042)山西农业大学"引进人才科研启动工程"项目(2023BQ121)河南省自然科学基金(262300420137).
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