可持续城市科学内涵、研究范式及未来挑战OACHSSCD

The accelerated pace of global urbanization has profoundly intensified contradictions within human-environment relationships.The complex interplay of economic,social,and eco-environmental challenges increasingly constrain sustainable development,positioning the pursuit of urban sustainability as a critical pathway for reconciling the interactions.This paper systematically traces the conceptual evolution of sustainable cities,clarifies their scientific connotations and core research analytical perspectives,and summarizes the data sources and methodological frameworks employed in the observation,assessment,planning,and governance of urban sustainability,and concludes by outlining limitations and prospective challenges in the field.As an interdisciplinary field,sustainable urban research integrates multidimensional insights drawn from the natural sciences,engineering sciences,and social sciences.Diverse models and practical practices emerging worldwide have continued to enrich and deepen the conceptual foundation of sustainable cities.Current research focuses on three interconnected priorities:enhancing energy/resource efficiency alongside green economic growth,promoting equitable public health outcomes and inclusive development,and ensuring ecological security through risk-resilient governance.Methodologically,quantitative assessments predominantly rely on index-based,comprehensive,process-oriented,and system-based approaches.The monitoring of urban sustainability is powerfully enabled by earth observation technologies,coupled with the Internet of Things(IoT)and big data analytics.Enhancing urban resilience has recently become a central objective in global urban governance practices.Nevertheless,the field currently grapples with significant challenges,including fragmented theoretical foundations,insufficient clarity regarding systemic coupling mechanisms,and a lack of comprehensive,cross-scale integration.Future research trajectories should prioritize the development of novel,multidisciplinary analytical tools and the construction of integrated system models for sustainable cities.Deepening the bidirectional interaction between theoretical advancement and practical application is essential to foster a more coherent,systematic cognitive theory of urban sustainability,which helps to support high-quality urban development on a global scale.