中链脂肪酸对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响OA

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary medium-chain fatty acids(MCFAs)on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,and gut microbiota in nursery piglets.A total of 180 nurs-ery pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)with uni-form body weight[(10.52±0.34)kg]were randomly assigned to 2 groups,with 6 replicates per treat-ment and 15 pigs per replicate.The control group received a basal diet,while the experimental group received the basal diet supplemented with 0.04%MCFAs for 15 days.The results showed that com-pared with the control group,pigs in the MCFAs group exhibited a significant increase in average daily gain(P<0.05),along with reduced feed conversion ratio,diarrhea rate,and feed cost per kilogram weight gain(0.05≤P<0.10).Regarding serum biochemical parameters and metabolites,supplementation with MCFAs significantly increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein and total superoxide dismutase(P<0.05),but significantly decreased levels of creatinine and malondialdehyde(P<0.05).Furthermore,principal component analysis(PCA)of serum metabolomics revealed a clear separation between the control and treatment groups(P<0.05),indicating distinct clustering patterns in their serum metabolite profiles.A total of 150 differential metabolites(P<0.05,VIP>1)were iden-tified,which were primarily enriched in lipid metabolism-related KEGG pathways.For gut microbiota,prin-cipal coordinates analysis(PCoA)showed no significant structural separation between the control and treat-ment groups(P>0.05),and no significant differences were observed at the phylum level(P>0.05).However,at the genus level,MCFAs supplementation significantly increased the relative abundances of Eubacte-rium_oxidoreducens_group,Sellimonas,and ASF356(P<0.05),while significantly decreasing the relative abundances of Erysipelatoclostridium and Enterococcus(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation with MCFAs moderately improved growth performance and influenced lipid metabolism in nursery piglets,but had limited overall impact on gut microbiota structure.