结直肠癌肿瘤与肿瘤微环境中的糖基化调控OA

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common malignancy worldwide.Patients with microsatellite stable(MSS)tumors generally respond poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),largely because of an immunosuppres-sive tumor microenvironment(TME).As a major post-translational protein modification,glycosylation contributes to immune evasion in CRC by regulating the stability of immune checkpoint molecules and modulating immune cell acti-vation and functional reprogramming.This review discusses the immunoregulatory mechanisms of glycosylation repro-gramming in tumor,stromal,and immune cells within the TME,including truncated O-glycosylation,aberrant N-glycan branching,and hypersialylation.It also summarizes the biological functions of key glycosyltransferases and ex-amines the translational potential of glycosylation biomarkers for CRC diagnosis,prognostic assessment,and predic-tion of response to immunotherapy,providing a glycoimmunology perspective on precision treatment of CRC.