饲粮中添加不同剂量和形式的碘对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、甲状腺功能及组织形态的影响OA
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Different Doses and Forms of Iodine on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Indices,Thyroid Function and Tissue Morphology of Broilers
本研究旨在探究饲粮中添加不同剂量和形式的碘对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、甲状腺指数、血清中甲状腺激素水平及甲状腺组织形态的影响.选取 640 只 1 日龄雄性罗斯 308肉仔鸡,随机分成 8 组,每组 8 个重复,每个重复 10 只鸡.试验采用 2×4 析因设计,设置包被碘酸钙与未包被碘酸钙 2 种添加形式,以及 0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mg/kg 4 个添加剂量,共配制 8 种试验饲粮.预试期 7 d,正试期 42 d.结果显示:饲粮中添加不同剂量的碘对 8～28 日龄肉鸡平均日增重产生了显著影响(P<0.05),其中 2.0 mg/kg 组 8～28 日龄肉鸡的平均日增重显著高于0.5和 1.0 mg/kg 组(P<0.05),但与1.5 mg/kg 组无显著差异(P>0.05).饲粮中添加不同剂量的碘对胸腺指数、甲状腺指数及血清甲状腺激素,包括三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)以及促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平均产生了显著影响(P<0.05),其中 1.5 mg/kg 剂量在提升胸腺指数和血清 T3、T4 水平方面效果最佳.添加形式方面,包被碘酸钙相较于未包被碘酸钙能显著提高肉鸡胸腺指数和甲状腺指数(P<0.05),并显著提升血清 T4 水平(P<0.05).然而,组织形态学观察发现,碘的添加剂量达到 1.0 mg/kg 及以上时,甲状腺滤泡体积增大,且在添加剂量达到1.5 和 2.0 mg/kg 时出现细胞排列不规则现象.综合各项指标,本试验条件下,在肉鸡饲粮中添加1.5 mg/kg 包被碘酸钙,可在促进免疫器官发育、优化甲状腺功能与维持组织健康之间取得最佳平衡.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different doses and forms of iodine on growth performance,immune organ indices,thyroid index,serum thyroid hormone levels and thyroid tissue morphology of broilers.A total of 640 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly alloca-ted into 8 groups,each with 8 replicates of 10 birds per replicate.A 2×4 factorial design was employed,con-sisting of two forms of iodine(coated calcium iodate and uncoated calcium iodate)and four doses of iodine(0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg),resulting in a total of 8 experimental diets.The adaptation period lasted for 7 days,and the formal experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)dietary supplementation with different doses of iodine significantly affected the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers from 8 to 28 days of age(P<0.05).The ADG of broilers in the 2.0 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg groups(P<0.05),but showed no significant difference compared with the 1.5 mg/kg group(P>0.05).Dietary supplementation with different doses of iodine also significantly affected the thymus index,thyroid index,and serum thyroid hormone levels,including triiodothyronine(T3),thyroxine(T4)and thy-roid-stimulating hormone(TSH)(P<0.05).The 1.5 mg/kg level exhibited the most pronounced effects in in-creasing thymus index and serum T3 and T4 levels.Regarding iodine form,coated calcium iodate significantly increased the thymus index,thyroid index and serum T4 level compared with uncoated calcium iodate(P<0.05).However,histological observation revealed that when the doses of iodine reached 1.0 mg/kg or higher,thyroid follicle volume increased,and cell arrangement irregularity appeared at 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg.In conclu-sion,under the conditions of this experiment,dietary supplementation with 1.5 mg/kg coated calcium iodate can achieve the optimal balance among promoting immune organ development,optimizing thyroid function and maintaining tissue health in broilers.
孙宇;李方方;张勇;李彦江
沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳 110866沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳 110866沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳 110866沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳 110866
农业科技
碘酸钙包被碘酸钙肉鸡免疫器官指数甲状腺功能
calcium iodatecoated calcium iodatebroilersimmune organ indexesthyroid function
《动物营养学报》 2026 (8)
5781-5790,10
评论