山边沟+黄花菜植物篱对红壤坡耕地产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响OA
Effects of hillside ditch and daylily hedgerow on runoff and sediment yield,and nitrogen and phosphorus losses in red soil sloping cropland
[目的]评价山边沟+黄花菜植物篱技术对南方红壤区坡耕地水土流失和氮磷流失的防控效应,旨在为红壤坡耕地水土流失的有效防治提供依据.[方法]以江西水土保持生态科技园的红壤坡耕地为研究对象,设置"山边沟+黄花菜植物篱"处理小区与对照小区,采用夏花生—冬油菜轮作模式,系统研究不同雨量、降雨强度及施肥阶段下的产流产沙特征与氮磷流失规律.[结果]1)与对照小区相比,在中雨、大雨情况下,处理小区对平均地表径流深的削减率为 28.82%、39.57%,对平均土壤流失量的削减率为 46.76%、73.39%;2)在降雨强度<1 mm/h、≥1～5 mm/h、≥5 mm/h的情况下,处理小区的平均地表径流深减小 46.49%、41.92%、11.99%,平均土壤流失量减小 30.74%、69.36%、59.47%;3)当雨量由中雨上升为大雨时,处理小区对溶解态氮素的削减率呈下降趋势,由 31.01%～39.07%降低为 21.98%～36.87%,而溶解态总磷流失的削减率由 14.73%上升为 46.57%;当降雨强度由<1 mm/h上升为>5 mm/h时,处理小区对溶解态氮素的削减率由45.02%～57.72%降低为8.03%～39.97%,可溶性磷流失的削减率由 4.25%上升为 26.66%;4)在施肥 30 d内,处理小区可将氮磷流失减少7.42%～32.08%;施肥 30 d后,削减率进一步提升,最高可达 39%以上.[结论]山边沟+黄花菜植物篱技术对南方红壤区坡耕地产流产沙及氮磷流失有良好的拦截效果,研究成果可为该技术的推广应用提供科学依据.
[Objective]This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a composite practice consisting of a hillside ditch and a daylily(Hemerocallis citrina)vegetative hedgerow in controlling soil erosion and nitrogen and phosphorus losses on sloping cropland in the red soil region of southern China.[Methods]Field experiments were conducted on red soil sloping cropland at the Jiangxi Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Science and Technology Park.Treatment plots with the composite practice and untreated control plots were established under a summer peanut(Arachis hypogaea)-winter rapeseed(Brassica napus)rotation system.Runoff and sediment yield characteristics,as well as nitrogen and phosphorus losses,were systematically investigated under different rainfall amounts,rainfall intensities,and fertilization stages.[Results]Compared with the control plots,the treatment plots showed significant mitigation effects.1)Under moderate and heavy rainfall conditions,the average surface runoff depth was reduced by 28.82%and 39.57%,respectively,and the average soil loss was reduced by 46.76%and 73.39%,respectively.2)Under rainfall intensities of<1 mm/h,1-5 mm/h,and>5 mm/h,the average surface runoff depth decreased by 46.49%,41.92%,and 11.99%,respectively,while the average soil loss decreased by 30.74%,69.36%,and 59.47%,respectively.3)As rainfall amount increased from moderate to heavy,the reduction rate of dissolved nitrogen loss in the treatment plots showed a downward trend,decreasing from 31.01%-39.07%to 21.98%-36.87%,whereas that of dissolved total phosphorus loss increased from 14.73%to 46.57%.As rainfall intensity increased from<1 mm/h to>5 mm/h,the reduction rate of dissolved nitrogen loss decreased from 45.02%-57.72%to 8.03%-39.97%,whereas that for soluble phosphorus loss increased from 4.25%to 26.66%.4)Within 30 days after fertilization,the treatment plots reduced nitrogen and phosphorus losses by 7.42%-32.08%.After 30 days,the reduction rate further increased,reaching a maximum of more than 39%.[Conclusions]The composite practice of hillside ditch and daylily vegetative hedgerow effectively reduces runoff and sediment yield,and nitrogen and phosphorus losses on red soil sloping cropland in southern China.These findings provide a scientific basis for the wider promotion and application of this conservation practice.
车行;徐光正;左继超;聂小飞;易彩琼;刘士余;刘昭
江西省水利科学院,330029,南昌||江西农业大学,330045,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌江西省水利科学院,330029,南昌||江西农业大学,330045,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌江西省水利科学院,330029,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌||江西省水利科学院 流域水土保持江西省重点实验室,330029,南昌江西省水利科学院,330029,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌||江西省水利科学院 流域水土保持江西省重点实验室,330029,南昌江西农业大学,330045,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌江西农业大学,330045,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌江西省水利科学院,330029,南昌||江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,330029,南昌||江西省水利科学院 流域水土保持江西省重点实验室,330029,南昌
农业科技
坡耕地地表径流深土壤流失量氮磷流失山边沟植物篱红壤区
sloping croplandsurface runoff depthsoil loss amountnitrogen and phosphorus losseshillside ditchvegetative hedgerowred soil region
《中国水土保持科学》 2026 (4)
213-225,13
江西省双千计划项目"红壤坡耕地氮素多途径损失过程原位观测与模拟"(JXSQ2023201069)国家自然科学基金项目"极端降雨对红壤坡耕地氮磷流失的影响与机理"(42367050)江西省水利科学院开放研究基金项目"森林植被空间分布格局的水土保持效应研究"(2023SKLS01)江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划青年人才项目"红壤坡耕地微地形对径流组分的影响与模拟"(20225BCJ23005) Jiangxi Provincial Double-Thousand Plan Project"In-situ Observation and Simulation of Multi-pathway Nitrogen Loss Processes in Red Soil Sloping Cropland"(JXSQ2023201069).National Natural Science Foundation of China Project"Impacts and Mechanisms of Extreme Rainfall on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss from Red Soil Sloping Cropland"(42367050).Open Research Fund Project of Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering"Effects of Forest Vegetation Spatial Distribution Pattern on Soil and Water Conservation"(2023SKLS01).Young Talents Project of Jiangxi Provincial Academic and Technical Leaders Training Program for Major Disciplines"Effects and Simulation of Micro-topography on Runoff Components in Red Soil Sloping Cropland"(20225BCJ23005)
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