病毒编码拓扑异构酶的研究进展OA

Topoisomerases(Topo)are important drug target proteins that regulate multiple biological processes,including DNA replication and transcription,as well as chromosome assembly and segregation,by altering nucleic acid topology.In animal husbandry,quinolone antibiotics are widely used to target bacterial type Ⅱ topoisomerases,thereby inhibiting bacterial DNA replication and exerting bactericidal effects.Studies have shown that most viruses utilize host-encoded topoisomerases to meet the requirements for nucleic acid topology changes during their life cycle,whereas some large-genome viruses(such as African swine fever virus and sheeppox virus)encode their own topoisomerases(vTopo).Targeting vTopo for drug development may provide new strategies for the prevention and control of these viruses.To understand the current status of vTopo research,182 related publications were collected and analyzed,revealing that 37 viruses are capable of encoding vTopo.Among them,poxviruses(especially vaccinia virus),African swine fever virus,and bacteriophage T4 have been most extensively studied.vTopo primarily enhances viral infectivity by promoting viral genome replication and transcription.This review summarizes and discusses three aspects:the classification and function of topoisomerases,the regulatory role of host topoisomerases in the viral life cycle,and the current research progress on vTopo,aiming to provide references for antiviral research and studies related to topoisomerases.