水土保持生态产品的差异化属性及价值实现模式OA

The value realization of soil and water conservation ecological products is the critical path for implement-ing the"Two Mountains"theory and resolving the dilemma of balancing ecological protection with economic develop-ment.Based on the theories of ecological assets and externality,this paper systematically analyzes the dual coupling features of"nature-human intervention"of soil and water conservation ecological products and the closed-loop mecha-nism of"engineering governance-incremental accounting-rights confirmation and trading-income feedback".It reviews the evolution path of China's soil and water conservation ecological product value realization from one-way government compensation to market-oriented diversified transactions,and further deconstructs four types of value realization modes including government-led,market allocation,industrial integration and financial empowerment.Sixteen specific pathways are detailed,including vertical transfer payment,soil and water conservation carbon sink trading,ecological industrial clusters,and GEP-linked credit.In response to current bottlenecks such as poor inter-departmental coordination,inconsistent accounting standards,immature market mechanism and misaligned financial support,this paper proposes systematic mechanisms including"legalized coordination,GEP-anchored distribution,full-life-cycle management and protection,and diversified capital circulation",aiming to provide scientific reference for scaling up the value realization of soil and water conservation ecological products from pilot exploration to large-scale practice.