斯洛伐克熊蜂检疫监管体系分析及启示OA

The quarantine supervision system for bumblebees in Slovakia was systematically analyzed based on the standards of the World Organisation for Animal Health(WOAH)and the official questionnaires provided by Slovak authorities,to scientifically evaluate its equivalence and potential risks,thereby supporting China's supervision of import quarantine and ensuring the security of bilateral trade in bumblebees.The system offered valuable lessons in terms of regulatory harmonization,division of responsibilities,emergency response,and full-chain traceability;however,it showed significant shortcomings in the monitoring of bumblebee-specific diseases and the effectiveness of eradication programs for major bumblebee diseases.Accordingly,recommendations were proposed,including improving regulations and standards,strengthening risk assessment-based graded entry rules,and enhancing testing capabilities,to provide reference for standardizing the import quarantine of bumblebees and reinforcing China's national biosecurity frontline.