神经毒剂暴露致神经系统损伤的防治研究进展OACHSSCD

Nerve agents are chemical weapons that primarily damage the cholinergic nervous system,leading to target organ injury and causing lethality even at trace doses.Exposure to nerve agents or organophosphorus pesticides can induce acute and chronic damage to both the central and peripheral nervous systems,thereby triggering pathological changes such as acute cholinergic crisis,intermediate syndrome,and organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy.High-dose exposure may rapidly lead to death due to respiratory failure or circulatory collapse.Emergency management and medical intervention for neurological damage after nerve agent exposure are crucial for countering potential chemical weapon threats and improving battlefield survival rates.This article systematically reviews recent domestic and international advances in the development and classification of nerve agents,their toxicological mechanisms,acute and chronic effects,as well as exposure prevention and treatment,aiming to provide a reference for the prevention and management of nerve agent poisoning.