美国对华海洋科技竞争的地缘政治化机制与中国应对OACHSSCD

This paper focuses on marine science and technology—a domain characterized by both technological competition and strategic rivalry—and integrates the theories of securitization and asymmetric interdependence to propose a"technological securitization-supply chain coercion-rule exclusion"tripartite mechanism,thereby systematically analyzing the geopoliticization process of the U.S.competition against China in marine science and technology.The study finds that,due to its infrastructural nature,the strategic importance of its resources,and its reliance on rules,marine science and technology is highly susceptible to becoming a frontline arena in major-power competition.The United States systematically reshapes the landscape of its marine science and technology competition against China by securitizing marine technology through discourse construction,exerting supply chain coercion by exploiting asymmetric dependencies formed at key nodes,and advancing rule exclusivity through standard barriers and small-multilateral mechanisms.China faces the dilemma of technological"chokepoints"systematic compression of its industrial space,and continuous weakening of its influence in rule-making.In response,China should"address technological weaknesses and build on strengths"in the technological sphere,promote supply chain diversification in the industrial sphere,and shift from being a"recipient"to a"co-builder"in the realm of rules,while maintaining strategic restraint to prevent falling into a spiral of escalating security dilemmas.