人工智能时代的美国数据安全政策OACHSSCD

In the data-driven era of intelligence,data resources have become a core asset in great power competition and national security.Through congressional legislation,executive orders,export controls and other instruments,the United States has established a strategic framework that involves extraterritorial enforcement,with cloud services as governance nodes;the creation of tiered data spheres based on alliances;and a strategic closure achieved through military-civil fusion for data-enabled operations.The aim of this policy is to meet the digital transformation needs of national security while safeguarding economic interests and technological hegemony.However,the U.S.'s assertive unilateral jurisdiction and technological exclusivity have sparked complex international repercussions.On one hand,it has led to legal pushback and institutional contestation from core allies,such as the European Union,which asserts its"digital sovereignty".On the other hand,it has prompted strategic competitors to accelerate the development of autonomous and controllable data infrastructure and parallel regulatory systems.This dynamic interaction exposes the inherent limitations of U.S.strategic execution and accelerates the fragmentation of global data governance.In sum,the U.S.approach to data security has been institutionalized,with date elevated to the status of a new-type strategic asset in national competition.Looking ahead,the creation of data governance rules and multilateral coordination will be critical variables shaping the future of the global digital order.