基于"通补兼施"理论探讨恶性肿瘤并发梗阻的治疗OA

In patients with advanced cancer,various obstructive conditions directly or indirectly caused by malignant tumors represent a common and serious clinical issue.These obstructions frequently occur in areas such as the respiratory tract,digestive tract or urinary tract,with typical symptoms including breathing difficulties,swallowing disorders,abdomi-nal distension and pain,nausea and vomiting,as well as disturbances in urination,defecation and Qi passage.These symp-toms severely compromise the patients'quality of life and prognosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),this condition is categorized under diseases such as"dysphagia","intestinal obstruction"and"blockage syndrome".Its core pathogenesis can be summarized as"deficiency in origin and excess in manifestation".Cancer patients are inherently prone to deficien-cy of healthy Qi and decline in the functions of Zang-Fu organs,particularly involving spleen,kidney,liver and lung.At the same time,they often exhibit stagnation of Qi,impaired blood circulation,phlegm-dampness accumulation,and heat-toxin congestion,which obstruct the meridians and Zang-Fu organs,further hindering the normal flow of Qi,blood and body fluids,thereby creating a pathological state of"obstruction".This paper aimed to systematically explore the TCM ap-proach to syndrome differentiation for malignant tumor-related obstructions,emphasizing the core treatment principle of"simultaneously unblocking and tonifying".It advocated"apply comprehensiveness for practical use,combining comprehen-sive supplementation"combining measures to relieve obstruction with strengthening techniques such as replenishing Qi and nourishing blood,strengthening spleen and tonifying kidney to address deficiency.This integrated approach achieves both root and symptom management,demonstrating unique value in alleviating clinical symptoms,improving quality of life and extending patient survival time.