花菜类蔬菜硒肥施用方法研究OA

To screen the suitable application methods and concentrations of different selenium(Se)fertilizers,and further compare the selenium-enriching ability among various flower vegetables,an orthogonal experiment was conducted using'Qiusheng'Chinese kale as the test material.Two Se fertilizers(sodium selenite and bio-nano Se fertilizer),two application methods(foliar spraying and root application),and four concentrations(12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0 μmol/L)were set up.Subsequently,the selected optimal method and concentration were applied to 3 Chinese kale cultivars,4 broccoli cultivars,and 6 cauliflower cultivars to compare their Se-enriching abilities.The results showed that foliar spraying significantly increased the plant fresh weight and Se content per unit fresh weight(FW)of Chinese kale.At spray concentrations of 100.0 μmol/L for sodium selenite and 50.0 μmol/L for bio-nano Se fertilizer,the Se contents per unit FW reached 25.80 μg/kg and 27.17 μg/kg,respectively,which were 10.85 and 11.42 times higher than those of the control,falling within the Se-enriched range(10-150 μg/kg)stipulated by Selenium Content and Fortification Requirements for Selenium-Enriched Nutritional Foods(T/CFCRA 003-2025).The average plant fresh weights were 50.61 g and 51.93 g,increased by 26.58％and 29.88％compared with the control.After foliar application of 100.0 μmol/L sodium selenite and 50.0 μmol/L bio-nano Se fertilizer to the 13 flower vegetables,the average curd fresh weight of broccoli increased by 0.93％and 3.34％,with average selenium contents of 94.30 μg/kg FW and 121.60 μg/kg FW;the broccoli cultivar'Hulü 70'naturally contained 17.31 μg/kg FW selenium without selenium fertilizer,meeting the standard for Se-enriched plants.The average curd fresh weight of cauliflower increased by 7.48％and 12.38％,with average Se contents of 28.54 μg/kg FW and 21.01 μg/kg FW.The average single plant fresh weight of Chinese kale increased by 11.19％and 12.51％,with average selenium contents of 27.27 μg/kg FW and 17.17 μ-g/kg FW.Under foliar spraying with 100.0 μmol/L sodium selenite,'Xinhusong 90'cauliflower and'Sijidasun'Chinese kale showed the highest Se contents per unit FW(44.82 μg/kg and 40.14 μg/kg,respectively).For broccoli,foliar spraying with 50.0 μmnol/L bio-nano Se fertilizer was more appropriate,with'Hulü 90'exhibiting the highest Se content(188.52 μg/kg FW).In conclusion,foliar Se application was more effective than root application in promoting Se accumulation and growth in Chinese kale.Significant differences in Se-enriching ability were observed among the tested flower vegetables,and an obvious interaction effect existed between cultivar and Se fertilizer type.