大葱雄性不育突变体rmsl表型及遗传规律分析OA

Male sterile lines are core materials in crop hybrid breeding systems,and their discovery and genetic characterization are essential for overcoming bottlenecks in seed production efficiency and advancing variety improvement.In this study,an antherless male sterile mutant was obtained from a local Welsh onion cultivar through 60Co-γ radiation mutagenesis.The mutant has shortened petals,fully or partially degraded filaments,and abnormally enlarged ovaries and stigmas that form a rod-like structure.Based on these characteristics,it was designated as the"rod-shaped male sterile line"(rmsl).To elucidate the inheritance of its male sterility,rmsl was crossed as female parent with a fertile line(wild type,WT)as male parent,and F2 and BC 1 F 1 segregation populations were constructed.Phenotypic segregation ratios in both populations conformed to 3∶1 and 1∶1 for fertile to sterile plants,respectively,indicating that the sterility in rmsl was controlled by a single recessive genic gene,belonging to the genic male sterility(GMS)type.Comparative phenotypic and fertility analyses among rmsl,WT,and a conventional male sterile line(ms)used in hybrid seed production further confirmed the uniqueness of the sterile trait of rmsl.The identification of this sterile line not only enriches the genetic resources of male sterile mutants in Welsh onion,but also provides critical experimental materials and theoretical support for future cloning of the key gene governing this sterility trait.