中医药调控NLRP3炎症小体干预尿酸性肾病的研究进展OA

Uric acid nephropathy(UAN),a common renal complication of hyperuricemia(HUA),is closely related to the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response.Uric acid(UA)can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through multiple mechanisms,such as inducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress,promoting potassium ion efflux,and activating the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)signaling pathway,thereby promoting the release of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18),and ultimately causing renal tubular epithelial cell injury and renal interstitial fibrosis.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown multi-target regulatory advantages in the intervention of UAN and has formed a multi-level intervention system from single-component effective parts of single herbs,Chinese patent medicines to TCM formulas.This review systematically summarize the mechanism and research progress of the above three types of TCM approaches in regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and its upstream signals,reducing renal inflammatory responses,and delaying the progression of UAN,with the aim of providing theoretical basis and research perspectives for TCM targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of UAN.