呼吸道微生物群失衡在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎免疫机制中的研究进展OA

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)is a common type of community-acquired pneumonia in children.Dynamic changes in the respiratory microbiota are closely related to its immunopathological mechanisms.This review summarizes the alterations in the respiratory microbiota of affected children,including decreased diversity,enrichment of potential pathogens,and reduction of beneficial bacteria.It explores how microbiota dysbiosis participates in the immunopathological process of the disease by affecting innate immune responses,regulating adaptive immune cell differen-tiation,and mediating distal regulation via the gut-lung axis,thereby influencing childhood immune development.Further-more,this review outlines novel interventions based on microbiota modulation,including therapeutic and preventive strategies as well as predictive models using microbial markers,aiming to provide new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MPP.