海洋酸化对海洋贝类行为的影响及机制研究进展OA

Ocean acidification(OA)refers to the ongoing decrease in the pH of the global ocean caused primarily by the uptake of carbon dioxide(CO2)from the atmosphere,which is emitted during anthropogenic activities,such as the burning of fossil fuels.Although the current surface seawater pH ranges from 8.1 to 8.2,projections indicate that if CO2 emissions continue at present rates,the surface pH could drop to approximately 7.7-7.8 by 2100 and further decline to 7.3-7.4 by 2300.Consequently,OA has emerged as a major global environmental issue,with profound implications for marine organisms and ecosystems.As the second-largest animal phylum after arthropods,mollusks possess immense ecological and economic significance,serving as a vital source of high-quality proteins for human consumption,contributing to water filtration and eutrophication mitigation,and forming biogenic reefs that enhance habitat complexity and biodiversity.Behavioral modifications serve as the most immediate indicators of environmental stress and play a pivotal role in essential life processes,such as reproduction,predator-prey dynamics,and habitat selection.According to the available literature,OA alters key behaviors in mollusks,including feeding,anti-predator responses,burrowing,reproduction,larval swimming,and settlement.These disruptions are primarily mediated by impaired chemosensory perception,altered neural signal transduction,and effector organ dysfunction.These behavioral modifications not only compromise individual survival and fitness but may also cascade through biotic interactions to reshape community structures,potentially driving ecosystem degradation.This review synthesizes the current knowledge of OA-induced behavioral alterations across major molluscan classes(Bivalvia,Gastropoda,and Cephalopoda),highlighting the underlying biological mechanisms and broader ecological consequences.By critically evaluating the limitations of existing studies and identifying key directions for future research,this review aims to provide a robust scientific framework for assessing the risks posed by OA to molluscs,marine biodiversity,and ecosystem stability.