基于细菌代谢活性的抗生素药敏快速检测技术研究进展OA

The increasing severity of antibiotic resistance has raised higher demands on the timeliness and accuracy of clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST).Although traditional culture-based AST methods remained the gold standard,their long turnaround time limits their ability to meet the clinical need for early and precise antimicrobial therapy.Therefore,developing rapid phenotypic AST techniques that could directly detect bacterial responses to antibiotics within a short timeframe is of great significance.This review focused on rapid AST strategies based on monitoring changes in bacterial metabolic activity.From the perspective of metabolic response as an early indicator of antibiotic action,we systematically reviewed the technological advances across different signal transduction pathways.By analyzing antibiotic-induced changes in bacterial oxygen consumption,cell wall synthesis activity,energy metabolism,extracellular electron transfer,and metabolite release,this article further summarized the major detection modalities,including luminescence/fluorescence,Raman spectroscopy,electrochemistry,and colorimetry,and compares their characteristics in terms of detection speed,sensitivity,sample compatibility,and clinical translational potential.Overall,metabolic activity-based AST methods offered faster turnaround times compared with traditional growth-dependent approaches,enabled early detection of bacterial drug responses,and hold significant promise for improving testing efficiency and guiding clinical antimicrobial therapy.