美国智能电网战略的运作机制与实践路径OACHSSCD

Drawing on the theoretical perspectives of infrastructural power and despotic power,this paper develops an analytical framework based on national capability building,national weight conversion,and utilization of inter-state differences to examine the operation mechanism and practical pathways of the U.S.smart grid strategy.It reveals that the United States has transformed its domestic advantages into global dominance over smart grid standards,supply chains,and market rules synergistically using cooperation mechanisms based on infrastructural power including the internationalization of standards and technology assistance as well as the compulsory means based on despotic power including export controls and market restrictions and through such three dimensions of capability building as technological innovation,institutional provision,and supply chain governance.In practice,the United States has implemented differentiated strategies for such three groups of countries as core allies,strategic partners,and potential markets and built an exclusive technology cooperation network.This strategy,on the one hand,hinders global technology innovation,increases transition cost of clean energy,and intensifies the economic burden and policy coordination dilemmas of its allies.On the other hand,it may prompt the global smart grid industry chain to accelerate towards"dual-track parallelism"and increase technological choice uncertainty for developing countries.The establishment of an open,inclusive,and mutually beneficial technological cooperation network is essential for ensuring that smart grid technologies benefit countries worldwide and that electricity truly becomes the ultimate energy carrier benefiting all of humanity.