手性有机化合物分析方法研究进展OA

Chirality is one of the most fundamental intrinsic properties of the natural world.Chiral substances are not only inextricably linked to the origin of life and genetic information transmission,but their stereochemical features also directly determine the functional performance and application potential of related compounds.While researchers across diverse disciplines focus on distinct aspects of chirality science,the efficient isolation of enantiomers from racemates remains an indispensable prerequisite for all in-depth chiral studies.Enantiomers are a pair of chiral compounds with identical molecular formula but non-superimposable mirror-image stereochemistries,which exhibit drastically divergent physiological activities,metabolic pathways,pharmacokinetic profiles,and functional properties when interacting with the stereospecific microenvironment of complex biological systems in living organisms.Accordingly,the precise and scalable production of chiral compounds with ultra-high optical purity,coupled with the development of reliable and highly sensitive analytical detection methods,has become a critical unmet demand across a wide range of high-tech fields,including modern pharmaceutical development,fine chemical manufacturing,advanced functional materials science,and cutting-edge translational biomedicine.In this review,we systematically summarize the mainstream technical approaches for obtaining enantiopure compounds,which mainly include well-established separation strategies such as direct and indirect racemate resolution,kinetic resolu-tion,and dynamic kinetic resolution,as well as state-of-the-art asymmetric catalytic synthetic meth-odologies.We elaborate on the core working mechanism,latest research advances,distinct merits,and inherent limitations of each technical route.Meanwhile,we highlight the cutting-edge applica-tion progress of chiral functional materials in emerging fields,with a special focus on luminescence-based chiral sensing and biomedicine.Finally,we provide an outlook on the future development di-rections of this rapidly evolving field,aiming to provide a systematic and valuable reference for the further innovation and practical translation of high-performance chiral separation and analytical tech-nologies.