早期肠内营养支持对极低出生体重早产儿体格发育及并发症的影响OA

Objective To investigate the effects of early enteral nutritional support on physical development and complications in very low birth weight infants(VLBWI).Methods A total of 156 VLBWI admitted to Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital and Department of Neonatology,Women and Children's Hospital of Qinghai Province between June 1,2023,and June 30,2025,were included in the study.Using the implementation of the standardized enteral feeding protocol for preterm infants on July 1,2024,as the cutoffpoint,infants enrolled before the implementation were assigned to control group(June 1,2023,to May 31,2024;n=82),and those enrolled after the implementation were assigned to experimental group(July 1,2024,to June 30,2025;n=74).The time to achieve full enteral feeding,duration of parenteral nutrition,length of hospital stay,hospitalization costs,incidence of complications,and physical growth indicators were compared between two groups of preterm infants.Results In experimental group,the time to achieve full enteral feeding,duration of parenteral nutrition,length of hospital stay,and hospitalization costs were all significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The overall incidence of complications in experimental group was lower than that in control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with control group,preterm infants in experimental group showed statistically significant increases in length,head circumference,and body mass index at 21 and 28 days after birth(P<0.05).Conclusion Implementing an early enteral nutrition protocol for VLBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit can shorten the time to full enteral feeding and the length of hospital stay;This protocol does not significantly increase the risk of feeding intolerance or necrotizing enterocolitis,and may contribute to catch-up growth later on,although the short-term effects are not pronounced.