贵州省水稻生产效益分析及发展建议OA

To systematically understand the current situation of rice production in Guizhou,propose corresponding development suggestions,and promote the yield per unit area improvement on a large scale and high-quality development of rice industry in Guizhou,this study analyzed the interannual change characteristics of the planting area,total yield,and yield per unit area of one-season middle rice in Guizhou from 2009 to 2023.What's more,the output value,production cost,and production benefits of rice in Guizhou were compared with those in adjacent provinces(municipality),and the current situation and influencing factors of rice production in Guizhou were systematically analyzed.The results showed that from 2009 to 2023,the planting area of rice in Guizhou generally showed a trend of initial general stability followed by fluctuating decline;the total yield of rice generally first increased with fluctuations and then decreased;and the yield per unit area of rice generally showed a fluctuating upward trend.The total output value of rice in Guizhou generally showed a fluctuating upward trend.The output value of rice main products of Guizhou was 1 096.65 yuan/hm2 higher than the average of the five provinces(municipality)—Guizhou,Sichuan,Chongqing,Hunan,and Yunnan,and Guizhou showed the total output value of rice second only to that of Yunnan,demonstrating a certain regional competitive advantage.The average proportion of the labor cost in the production cost was the highest.In 2023,the average labor cost of rice production in five provinces(municipality)—Guizhou,Sichuan,Chongqing,Hunan,and Yunnan—accounted for 54.08％of the average total cost.The average annual cash income of rice production in Guizhou from 2009 to 2023 was 14 522.64 yuan/hm2.Guizhou ranked first in cash income in 2023,which reached 15 649.80 yuan/hm2,1 467.24 yuan/hm2 higher than the average of the five provinces(municipality).On the basis of the analysis of the current situation of rice production in Guizhou,this paper proposed the following suggestions:prioritizing the dam areas larger than 33.33 hm2 in promoting mechanization-suitable land consolidation to reduce labor cost;strengthening the breeding and innovative application of high-yield,high-quality,and green rice varieties;optimizing policies aimed at strengthening agriculture,benefiting farmers,and enriching rural areas in rice industry development and creating high-end rice brands to enhance the production benefits and market competitiveness of rice in Guizhou.