2014-2023年长江中下游国家统一试验审定中稻品种概况和相关性状分析OA
Analysis on General Situation and Related Traits of Middle-season Rice Varieties Approved Through National Unified Trials in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River from 2014 to 2023
以 2014-2023 年长江中下游国家统一试验审定中稻品种为研究对象,分析了该区域历年审定中稻品种的数量及类型、亲本应用情况、产量及相关性状、性状相关性、稻米品质和稻瘟病抗性.结果表明,10 a 共审定了中稻品种 174 个,其中两系杂交水稻 149 个,三系杂交水稻 25 个.共利用不育系 83 个(其中三系不育系 11 个、两系不育系 72 个),恢复系153 个;三系不育系中,利用荃 9311A 配组通过审定的中稻品种数量最多,达 13 个;两系不育系中,利用 Y58S 配组通过审定的中稻品种数量最多,为 16 个;恢复系中,利用华占配组通过审定的中稻品种数量领先,为 4 个.10 a 来,中稻品种产量整体表现为先波动上升后趋于稳定,生育期缓慢缩短,株高和穗长相对稳定,有效穗数和千粒重在不同年份间有一定波动,每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和结实率有所提升.产量与每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数呈极显著正相关,与生育期和结实率呈正相关,与株高、穗长、有效穗数和千粒重呈负相关.10 a 审定的中稻品种优质数量有一定提升,稻瘟病抗性明显增强.
Taking middle-season rice varieties approved through national unified trials in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 2014 to 2023 as research objects,this study analyzed their annual numbers and types,parental applications,yields,yield-related traits,trait correlations,grain quality,and rice blast resistance.The results showed that a total of 174 middle-season rice varieties were approved in the 10-year period,including 149 two-line hybrid rice varieties and 25 three-line hybrid rice varieties.A total of 83 male sterile lines(11 three-line male sterile lines and 72 two-line male sterile lines)and 153 restorer lines were utilized.Among three-line male sterile lines,the number of approved middle-season rice varieties bred with Quan 9311A was the largest,reaching 13.Among two-line male sterile lines,the number of approved middle-season rice varieties bred with Y58S was the largest,reaching 16.Among restorer lines,the number of approved middle-season rice varieties bred with Huazhan was the largest,reaching 4.Over the 10 years,the middle-season rice varieties generally showed an firstly increasing with fluctuations and then stable trend in the yield and a slow shortening trend in growth period.The plant height and panicle length remained relatively stable,while the number of effective panicles and 1 000-grain weight fluctuated to some extent across different years.The number of total spikelets per panicle,number of filled spikelets per panicle,and seed setting rate were improved.The yield had extremely significantly positive correlations with the number of total spikelets per panicle and the number of filled spikelets per panicle.It was positively correlated with the growth period and seed setting rate,and negatively correlated with the plant height,panicle length,number of effective panicles,and 1 000-grain weight.The high-quality number of approved middle-season rice varieties increased to a certain extent,and rice blast resistance was markedly enhanced during the decade.
杨通洲;曾雅婷;王小凤;杨西华;曹梦祥;王凯;周志智;王莹芳
益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046益阳市农业科学院,湖南 益阳 413046
农业科技
杂交水稻长江中下游中稻品种产量品质抗性
hybrid ricemiddle and lower reaches of the Yangtze Rivermiddle-season rice varietyyieldgrain qualityresistance
《杂交水稻》 2026 (4)
35-41,7
评论