论中国生态修复法律目标的体系化OA

The legal objectives for ecological restoration are the goals that ecological restoration activities must achieve at the legal level,serving as a crucial component of the ecological restoration system.Clear objective requirements are essential for the improve-ment of the legal framework for ecological restoration.However,both existing legal regulations and theoretical research in China pay in-sufficient attention to these legal objectives.By reviewing the normative status of such legal objectives and summarizing practical out-comes of ecological restoration efforts,this study identified several primary deficiencies in China's current legal objectives for ecologi-cal restoration:① At the conceptual level,unclear understanding of the essence of these objectives often leads to deviations between ecological restoration activities and their intended goals;② At the determination level,issues such as value judgments and time scales complicate the definition of these objectives;③ At the normative level,incomplete regulations fail to provide precise guidance for im-plementation;④ At the enforcement level,insufficient dynamic adjustments result in operational rigidity.To address these deficien-cies,the current legal objectives for ecological restoration should be optimized by systematically considering their essential characteris-tics,the influencing factors in objective formulation,and adopting a structured approach.Specifically,given their multi-level nature,guiding role,forward-looking perspective,quantifiable and assessable features,as well as value-judgment aspects,the formulation of these legal objectives must account for the objective conditions of the restored ecosystem,biological feasibility,social acceptability,eco-nomic impacts,and the operability of legal frameworks.Accordingly,China's legal objectives for ecological restoration can be systemati-cally optimized by aligning with the scientific layout of the"production—living—ecological space"model:ecological spaces should be restored to baseline levels;living spaces to health-acceptable risk thresholds;and production spaces to environmentally acceptable risk levels.Meanwhile,to prevent rigidity in enforcement,dynamic adjustments must be clearly defined across the early,middle,and late stages of ecological restoration activities.Only through these measures can the dilemmas regarding legal objectives for ecological resto-ration be resolved and their realization facilitated.