VARI成型树脂流变行为调控与渗透机理研究进展OA

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are increasingly critical in sectors like aerospace,wind energy and transportation with excellent specific strength and specific modulus.As components evolve toward larger sizes and greater complexity,manufacturing processes face stringent demands for efficiency,cost-effectiveness,and quality stability.Vacuum-assisted resin infusion(VARI),as a mainstream low-cost liquid composite molding technique,has become the preferred solution for the production of large-scale components.However,the quality of these components is intrinsically governed by the resin's impregnation efficiency into the fibrous preform,and improper flow control often leads to defects such as dry spots and microscopic voids,thereby limiting the improvement of component performance.Therefore,precisely adjusting the rheological characteristics of the resin and deeply understanding its permeation mechanism are key to overcoming the quality bottlenecks of this process. This review examines the physical correlations between viscosity evolution and multi-scale impregnation quality.Macroscopically,resin flow is described by Darcy's law,with corrections for non-Newtonian behaviour in nano-modified systems.Microscopically,the competition between viscous and capillary forces,defined by the modified capillary number criterion,establishes an optimal processing window to minimise defects.Chemo-rheological models provide the theoretical basis for predicting flow fronts and gelation.To achieve a low initial viscosity and a long processing window,the paper systematically summarizes chemical and physical regulation strategies.Chemically,molecular design and reactive diluents reduce intrinsic viscosity,while latent curing agents maintain a low-viscosity state before triggered cross-linking.Physically,the review compares heating methods,highlighting the limitations of traditional oven curing and the advantages of field-assisted techniques like microwave and induction heating.Special emphasis is placed on"Out-of-Oven"technologies,such as self-regulating Joule heating and Frontal Polymerization,which enable energy-efficient,in-situ curing.Beyond rheology,synergistic enhancements are discussed,including optimised pressure fields to improve compaction and permeability,and the development of sustainable,bio-based flow media.The trend towards structural-functional integration is also noted,where consumables like conductive meshes are transformed into permanent functional layers of the component. At the digital level,process numerical simulation has evolved into a multiphysics coupling model encompassing flow,heat transfer,and curing,which can be accelerated through integration with machine learning.Meanwhile,various in-situ monitoring techniques provide data support for closed-loop control.Looking ahead,the VARI process is expected to follow three major development trends:green manufacturing centered on oven-free curing and eco-friendly consumables,intelligent manufacturing based on digital twins,and integrated manufacturing that deeply combines process and functionality.This comprehensive review aims to provide theoretical guidance and technical pathways for the high-quality,sustainable,and cost-effective manufacturing of advanced composite structures.