后量子密码技术研究进展及其与经典算法对比研究OA

The rapid development of quantum computing technology has a profound impact on the global information security landscape.Classi-cal cryptographic systems are facing severe security threats,and post-quantum cryptography(PQC)has emerged in response,becoming a re-search hotspot at the present stage.This paper introduces quantum computing technology and its current state of development,and presents a comparative analysis of post-quantum and classical cryptographic algorithms.A unified testing framework is constructed to compare the differ-ences between classical and post-quantum algorithms in terms of static parameters,network bandwidth,execution time,and resource consump-tion,and the compatibility of post-quantum algorithms in practical communication protocols is discussed.The test results show that lattice-based post-quantum algorithms,represented by ML-KEM,approach or outperform classical public-key algorithms in computational efficiency and resource consumption,with memory overhead only about 3%～5%higher than that of classical algorithms,demonstrating the feasibility of deployment on general-purpose computing platforms and providing a basis for the post-quantum migration of infrastructure.