不同授粉方式对设施'金太阳'杏坐果率和果实品质的影响OA

To investigate the effects of different pollination methods on the fruit setting rate and fruit quality of apricots in greenhouse cultivation,and to achieve optimal yield,superior fruit quality,and maximum economic benefits,this experiment was carried out with the apricot cultivar'golden sun'as the test material under protected cultivation conditions.Four pollination treatments were set,in-cludingnatural pollination(Treatment A),bumblebee pollination(Treatment B),pure pollen suspension pollination(Treatment C),and combined'pollen+bumblebee'pollination(Treatment D).The fruit setting rate,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,fruit shape index,single fruit weight,fruit firmness,soluble solids content,and fruit color were measured.Meanwhile,the yield value,production-costs,and net profit under the three artificial pollination methods were analyzed.On the basis of the above indexes,principal compo-nent analysis was performed to comprehensively evaluate and select the optimal pollination method.The results showed that different pollination methods had varying effects on the fruit setting rate and fruit quality of greenhouse apricots.The fruit setting rates of Treat-ments B,C,and D were 28.26%,25.66%and 34.90%,respectively.Treatment C presented the highest fruit firmness with a value of 17.38 N·cm-2.Treatment D had the maximum single fruit weight of 66.84 g,significantly higher than Treatment A.Treatments B and C also exhibited heavier single fruits than Treatment A,with values of 61.55 g and 63.94 g,respectively.All three artificial pollination methods improved the fruit setting rate of greenhouse apricots,with the'pollen+bumblebee'combination(Treatment D)showing the greatest increase of 46.37%.Eight trait indicators were analyzed by principal component analysis,and two principal components were extracted.Based on the calculated weights of each indicator,the comprehensive scores of different pollination methodswere ranked in the order:Treatment D>Treatment C>Treatment B>Treatment A.In conclusion,the combined'pollen+bumblebee'pollination(Treat-ment D)was the optimal method for'golden sun'apricot under greenhouse conditions.